水热碳化是一种绿色环保、工艺简单的碳材料合成技术,可将生物质原料有效转化为碳材料,实现生物质高效利用。生物质水热碳性能优越,其堆积密度高、含氧官能团丰富、热稳定性和导热导电性优良,在吸附材料、储能材料、催化剂等领域有潜在的应用价值。综述了生物质的水热碳化过程,重点归纳总结原料类型、反应程度、添加剂等因素对水热碳结构和化学特性的影响。根据水热碳的应用需求,总结了常见及具有发展前景的改性方法,以期丰富、拓展生物质水热碳的功能化应用。
Hydrothermal carbonization is an environmentally friendly synthesis technology of carbon material with a simple process.This technology can effectively convert biomass materials into carbon materials,realizing the efficient utilization of biomass.Hydrothermal carbon,with high bulk density,oxygen-containing functional groups,excellent thermal stability and conductivity,has potential application value in the fields of adsorption materials,energy storage materials,catalysts and so on.The hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass was reviewed,with emphasis on the influence of raw material type,reaction degree,additives,and other factors on the structure and chemical properties of hydrothermal carbon.For enriching and expanding the functional applications of hydrothermal carbon,various modification methods were reviewed,combined with the application demand.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31400496);江苏省自然基金项目(BK20140981)资助
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